Targeted Physiotherapy Treatment Approaches to Treat Diaphragmatic Dysfunction in Various Conditions: A Comprehensive Review
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Abstract
Background:
The term Diaphragm Dysfunction (DD) refers to a group of disorders in which the diaphragm does not function optimally, thereby impairing the breathing mechanism. This review aims to report available treatment protocols for diaphragm rehabilitation over the last 5 years.
Method: Comprehensive studies on DD were searched in online databases, spanning the past 10 years, i.e., 2016 – 2025. The search was conducted using databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, Medline, etc. 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. These articles were studied thoroughly by the authors, and the analysis was documented in this literature review.
Result: The articles that were included in the review used a wide variety of outcome measures; commonly used were ultrasonography, 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), pulmonary function, etc. Different techniques, including breathing exercises, manual therapy, acupuncture, electrical stimulation, etc, were used as interventions. DD significantly impact the quality of life and respiratory function in individuals.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy-based interventions mentioned in this study show a positive effect in improving the strength and endurance of the diaphragm and overall respiratory mechanics. Short-term benefits are seen; further research is needed to establish protocols and evaluate long-term effects.
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References
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