An Overview of Treatment approaches for management of Temporomandibular joint Dysfunction: A Scoping Review
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Abstract
Temporomandibular dysfunction is defined as a discomfort in muscles ( myalgia of TMJ muscles), pain in the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ arthralgia) of functional complaints like clicking and locking of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). It is formed by two bone mandible and maxilla. Etiology of the TMJ dysfunction includes injury, poor posture behavioral factors, stress, anxiety, clenching this leads TMJ Dysfunction. In assessment range of motion of TMJ and cervical spine, maximum mouth opening. Strength assessment and joint tracking is assessed. Confirmation of the assessment is done by X- ray, MRI. Medical management of the TMJ dysfunction includes NSAIDS, Opoids and muscle relaxants. The non invasive treatment consist of physiotherapy the interventions are as follows Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation(TENS), Ultra Sound for pain relief, Postural correction exercises, strengthening exercises. In severe cases surgical intervention is required after which physiotherapy play an important role in restoration of the ROM and functional capacity in the individuals.
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